Azure Developer Interview – 100 Questions & Answers

1. Azure Fundamentals (1–20)

1. What is Microsoft Azure?
Azure is Microsoft’s cloud platform that provides computing, storage, networking, database, security, DevOps, and AI services over the internet.
Example: Hosting a .NET API without buying a server.
2. What are IaaS, PaaS, SaaS?
IaaS: VM, storage (you manage OS)
PaaS: App Service (Azure manages OS)
SaaS: Office 365 (ready-to-use software)
3. What is an Azure Subscription?
A billing and security boundary where Azure resources are created.
4. What is a Resource Group?
A logical container to manage related Azure resources together.
Example: WebApp + SQL + Storage in one group.
5. What is Azure Region?
A geographical area containing multiple data centers.
Example: Central India, East US.
6. What are Availability Zones?
Physically separate data centers within a region to ensure high availability.
7. What is Azure ARM?
Azure Resource Manager is used to deploy and manage resources using templates.
8. What is Azure Portal?
A web-based UI to manage Azure services.
9. What is Azure CLI?
Command-line tool to manage Azure resources.
10. What is Azure PowerShell?
PowerShell module to automate Azure management.

2. Compute Services (21–40)

21. What is Azure Virtual Machine?
A cloud-based server where you manage OS and software.
22. What is Azure App Service?
A PaaS service for hosting web apps and APIs.
Example: ASP.NET Core API deployment.
23. VM vs App Service?
VM: Full control, more maintenance
App Service: Less control, auto scaling, managed OS
24. What is Azure Function?
Serverless compute that runs code on demand.
Example: Send email on file upload.
25. What is Serverless?
You write code without managing servers.
26. What is Azure Kubernetes Service?
Managed Kubernetes for container orchestration.
27. What is Azure Container Instance?
Runs containers without managing clusters.
28. What is Auto Scaling?
Automatically increases/decreases resources based on load.
29. What is Load Balancer?
Distributes traffic across multiple instances.
30. What is Application Gateway?
Layer-7 load balancer with SSL termination.

3. Storage (41–55)

41. Types of Azure Storage?
Blob, File, Queue, Table, Disk
42. What is Blob Storage?
Stores unstructured data like images and videos.
43. Hot vs Cool vs Archive?
Hot: Frequent access
Cool: Infrequent
Archive: Long-term storage
44. What is Azure Queue Storage?
Message-based communication between services.
45. What is Azure File Storage?
Cloud-based file sharing like a network drive.

4. Database (56–70)

56. What is Azure SQL Database?
Fully managed relational database service.
57. Azure SQL vs SQL Server VM?
Azure SQL: Managed
VM: Full control, more maintenance
58. What is Azure Cosmos DB?
Globally distributed NoSQL database.
59. Cosmos DB APIs?
SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Table, Gremlin
60. When to use Cosmos DB?
High throughput, low latency, global apps.

5. Security & Identity (71–85)

71. What is Azure Active Directory?
Identity and access management service.
72. What is RBAC?
Role-Based Access Control to manage permissions.
73. What is Managed Identity?
Allows Azure resources to authenticate without credentials.
74. What is Azure Key Vault?
Secure storage for secrets and certificates.
75. How to secure connection strings?
Store them in Key Vault.

6. Azure DevOps & CI/CD (86–100)

86. What is Azure DevOps?
Toolset for CI/CD, repos, pipelines, boards.
87. What is CI/CD?
CI: Build & test automatically
CD: Deploy automatically
88. What is YAML pipeline?
Pipeline defined as code. 
trigger:
- main
89. How to deploy .NET app to Azure?
Build → Publish → Deploy to App Service.
90. How to deploy Angular app?
Build → Upload to App Service or Storage Static Website.
91. What is Blue-Green deployment?
Two environments to avoid downtime.
92. What is rollback?
Reverting to previous stable version.
93. What is Application Insights?
Application performance monitoring tool.
94. How do you monitor Azure apps?
Azure Monitor + Application Insights.
95. How do you reduce Azure cost?
Auto-scale, Reserved Instances, Monitoring.
96. What is API Management?
Secure and manage APIs centrally.
97. How do you secure APIs?
Azure AD + API Management + HTTPS.
98. How do you handle failure?
Retry policies, monitoring, auto-scaling.
99. What is zero-downtime deployment?
Deploy without affecting live users.
100. Real project Azure architecture?
Angular → App Service → API → Azure SQL → Key Vault → DevOps